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Tweaking shell script examples

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Pēteris Caune 2020-01-28 16:44:32 +02:00
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templates/docs/bash.html
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<h1>Shell scripts</h1> <h1>Shell Scripts</h1>
<p>You can easily add SITE_NAME monitoring to a shell script. All you <p>You can easily add SITE_NAME monitoring to a shell script. All you
have to do is make a HTTP request at the end of the script. curl and wget have to do is make a HTTP request at the end of the script.
are two common command line HTTP clients for that.</p> <a href="https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html">curl</a> and
<h2>Using curl</h2> <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/manual/wget.html">wget</a>
are two common command line HTTP clients you can use.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Sending a HTTP GET request with curl:</span>
curl --retry <span class="m">3</span> PING_URL
<span class="c1"># Silent version (no stdout/stderr output unless curl hits an error):</span>
curl -fsS --retry <span class="m">3</span> PING_URL
<span class="c1"># Sending a HTTP GET request with wget:</span>
wget PING_URL -O /dev/null
</pre></div>
<h2>Signalling Failure from Shell Scripts</h2>
<p>You can append <code>/fail</code> to any ping URL and use the resulting URL to actively
signal a failure. The below example:</p>
<ul>
<li>runs <code>/usr/bin/certbot renew</code></li>
<li>if the certbot command is successful (exit code 0), send HTTP GET to <code>PING_URL</code></li>
<li>otherwise, send HTTP GET to <code>PING_URL/fail</code></li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh</span> <div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c1"># Exit immediately if any command exits with a non-zero status:</span> <span class="c1"># Payload here:</span>
<span class="nb">set</span> -e /usr/bin/certbot renew
<span class="c1"># Ping SITE_NAME</span>
<span class="c1"># Do the work here</span> curl --retry <span class="m">3</span> <span class="s2">&quot;PING_URL</span><span class="k">$(</span><span class="o">[</span> <span class="nv">$?</span> -ne <span class="m">0</span> <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> -n /fail<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Pretending to to make backups...&quot;</span> </pre></div>
sleep <span class="m">5</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Backup complete!&quot;</span>
<span class="c1"># As the last thing, ping SITE_NAME using curl:</span>
<span class="hll">curl --retry <span class="m">3</span> PING_URL
</span></pre></div>
<h2>Using wget</h2> <h2>Logging Command Output</h2>
<p>When pinging with HTTP POST, you can put extra diagnostic information in request
body. If the request body looks like a valid UTF-8 string, SITE_NAME
will accept and store first 10KB of the request body.</p>
<p>In the below example, certbot's output is captured and submitted via HTTP POST:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh</span> <div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="c1"># Exit immediately if any command exits with a non-zero status:</span> <span class="nv">m</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">$(</span>/usr/bin/certbot renew <span class="m">2</span>&gt;<span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="k">)</span>
<span class="nb">set</span> -e curl -fsS --retry <span class="m">3</span> -X POST --data-raw <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="nv">$m</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span> PING_URL
</pre></div>
<span class="c1"># Do the work here</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Pretending to to generate reports...&quot;</span>
sleep <span class="m">5</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Report generation complete!&quot;</span>
<span class="c1"># As the last thing, ping SITE_NAME using wget:</span>
<span class="hll">wget PING_URL -O /dev/null
</span></pre></div>

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# Shell scripts # Shell Scripts
You can easily add SITE_NAME monitoring to a shell script. All you You can easily add SITE_NAME monitoring to a shell script. All you
have to do is make a HTTP request at the end of the script. curl and wget have to do is make a HTTP request at the end of the script.
are two common command line HTTP clients for that. [curl](https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html) and
[wget](https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/manual/wget.html)
are two common command line HTTP clients you can use.
## Using curl ```bash
# Sending a HTTP GET request with curl:
```bash hl_lines="12"
#!/bin/sh
# Exit immediately if any command exits with a non-zero status:
set -e
# Do the work here
echo "Pretending to to make backups..."
sleep 5
echo "Backup complete!"
# As the last thing, ping SITE_NAME using curl:
curl --retry 3 PING_URL curl --retry 3 PING_URL
```
## Using wget # Silent version (no stdout/stderr output unless curl hits an error):
curl -fsS --retry 3 PING_URL
```bash hl_lines="12" # Sending a HTTP GET request with wget:
#!/bin/sh
# Exit immediately if any command exits with a non-zero status:
set -e
# Do the work here
echo "Pretending to to generate reports..."
sleep 5
echo "Report generation complete!"
# As the last thing, ping SITE_NAME using wget:
wget PING_URL -O /dev/null wget PING_URL -O /dev/null
``` ```
## Signalling Failure from Shell Scripts
You can append `/fail` to any ping URL and use the resulting URL to actively
signal a failure. The below example:
* runs `/usr/bin/certbot renew`
* if the certbot command is successful (exit code 0), send HTTP GET to `PING_URL`
* otherwise, send HTTP GET to `PING_URL/fail`
```bash
#!/bin/sh
# Payload here:
/usr/bin/certbot renew
# Ping SITE_NAME
curl --retry 3 "PING_URL$([ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -n /fail)"
```
## Logging Command Output
When pinging with HTTP POST, you can put extra diagnostic information in request
body. If the request body looks like a valid UTF-8 string, SITE_NAME
will accept and store first 10KB of the request body.
In the below example, certbot's output is captured and submitted via HTTP POST:
```bash
#!/bin/sh
m=$(/usr/bin/certbot renew 2>&1)
curl -fsS --retry 3 -X POST --data-raw "$m" PING_URL
```

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@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ what to do in case of failures, where to look for additional information.</li>
for monitoring processes that are expected to run at relatively regular time for monitoring processes that are expected to run at relatively regular time
intervals: once an hour, once a day, once a week.</p> intervals: once an hour, once a day, once a week.</p>
<p><img alt="Editing the period and grace time" src="IMG_URL/edit_simple_schedule.png" /></p> <p><img alt="Editing the period and grace time" src="IMG_URL/edit_simple_schedule.png" /></p>
<p>For simple schedules you configure two time durations, <strong>Period</strong> and <strong>Grace Time</strong>.</p> <p>For simple schedules you configure two time durations, Period and Grace Time.</p>
<ul> <ul>
<li><strong>Period</strong>: the expected time between pings</li> <li><strong>Period</strong>: the expected time between pings</li>
<li><strong>Grace Time</strong>: when a check is late, how long to wait before sending an alert. <li><strong>Grace Time</strong>: when a check is late, how long to wait before sending an alert.
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Use this variable to account for small, expected deviations in job execution tim
</ul> </ul>
<h2>Cron Schedules</h2> <h2>Cron Schedules</h2>
<p>Use "cron" for monitoring processes with more complex schedules, and to ensure <p>Use "cron" for monitoring processes with more complex schedules, and to ensure
jobs run <strong>at the correct time</strong> (not just at correct intervals).</p> jobs run <strong>at the correct time</strong> (not just at correct time intervals).</p>
<p><img alt="Editing cron schedule" src="IMG_URL/edit_cron_schedule.png" /></p> <p><img alt="Editing cron schedule" src="IMG_URL/edit_cron_schedule.png" /></p>
<p>You will need to specify Cron Expression, Server's Time Zone and Grace Time.</p> <p>You will need to specify Cron Expression, Server's Time Zone and Grace Time.</p>
<ul> <ul>

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@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ intervals: once an hour, once a day, once a week.
![Editing the period and grace time](IMG_URL/edit_simple_schedule.png) ![Editing the period and grace time](IMG_URL/edit_simple_schedule.png)
For simple schedules you configure two time durations, **Period** and **Grace Time**. For simple schedules you configure two time durations, Period and Grace Time.
* **Period**: the expected time between pings * **Period**: the expected time between pings
* **Grace Time**: when a check is late, how long to wait before sending an alert. * **Grace Time**: when a check is late, how long to wait before sending an alert.
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Use this variable to account for small, expected deviations in job execution tim
## Cron Schedules ## Cron Schedules
Use "cron" for monitoring processes with more complex schedules, and to ensure Use "cron" for monitoring processes with more complex schedules, and to ensure
jobs run **at the correct time** (not just at correct intervals). jobs run **at the correct time** (not just at correct time intervals).
![Editing cron schedule](IMG_URL/edit_cron_schedule.png) ![Editing cron schedule](IMG_URL/edit_cron_schedule.png)

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</pre></div> </pre></div>
<p>You can include additional diagnostic information in the in the request body (for POST requests), or in the "User-Agent" request header:</p> <p>You can include additional diagnostic information in the in the request body (for POST requests):</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Passing diagnostic information in the POST body:</span> <div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Passing diagnostic information in the POST body:</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">requests</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">requests</span>
<span class="n">requests</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;PING_URL&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;temperature=-7&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">requests</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;PING_URL&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;temperature=-7&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div> </pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Passing diagnostic information in the User-Agent header:</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">requests</span>
<span class="n">requests</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;PING_URL&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">headers</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">&quot;User-Agent&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;temperature=-7&quot;</span><span class="p">})</span>
</pre></div>

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@ -22,16 +22,10 @@ import urllib
urllib.urlopen("PING_URL") urllib.urlopen("PING_URL")
``` ```
You can include additional diagnostic information in the in the request body (for POST requests), or in the "User-Agent" request header: You can include additional diagnostic information in the in the request body (for POST requests):
```python ```python
# Passing diagnostic information in the POST body: # Passing diagnostic information in the POST body:
import requests import requests
requests.post("PING_URL", data="temperature=-7") requests.post("PING_URL", data="temperature=-7")
``` ```
```python
# Passing diagnostic information in the User-Agent header:
import requests
requests.get("PING_URL", headers={"User-Agent": "temperature=-7"})
```

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{% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="measuring_script_run_time" title="Measuring script run time" %} {% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="measuring_script_run_time" title="Measuring script run time" %}
{% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="attaching_logs" title="Attaching logs" %} {% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="attaching_logs" title="Attaching logs" %}
<li class="nav-header">Platforms</li> <li class="nav-header">Pinging Examples</li>
{% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="bash" title="Bash" %} {% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="bash" title="Shell Scripts" %}
{% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="python" title="Python" %} {% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="python" title="Python" %}
{% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="ruby" title="Ruby" %} {% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="ruby" title="Ruby" %}
{% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="php" title="PHP" %} {% include "front/docs_nav_item.html" with slug="php" title="PHP" %}